The main liability on a bank balance sheet is ______.A．depositsB．capital and reservesC．loans and overdraftsD．cash

第1题：

The amount of the outstanding checks is included on the bank reconciliation as a(n) ( )

A. deduction from the balance per depositor's records

B. addition to the balance per bank statement

C. deduction from the balance per bank statement

D. addition to the balance per depositor's records

参考答案：C

第2题：

(b) Prepare the balance sheet of York at 31 October 2006, using International Financial Reporting Standards,

discussing the nature of the accounting treatments selected, the adjustments made and the values placed

on the items in the balance sheet. (20 marks)

正确答案：

Gow’s net assets
IAS36 ‘Impairment of Assets’, sets out the events that might indicate that an asset is impaired. These circumstances include
external events such as the decline in the market value of an asset and internal events such as a reduction in the cash flows
to be generated from an asset or cash generating unit. The loss of the only customer of a cash generating unit (power station)
would be an indication of the possible impairment of the cash generating unit. Therefore, the power station will have to be
impairment tested.
The recoverable amount will have to be determined and compared to the value given to the asset on the setting up of the
joint venture. The recoverable amount is the higher of the cash generating unit’s fair value less costs to sell, and its value-inuse.
The fair value less costs to sell will be $15 million which is the offer for the purchase of the power station ($16 million)
less the costs to sell ($1 million). The value-in-use is the discounted value of the future cash flows expected to arise from the
cash generating unit. The future dismantling costs should be provided for as it has been agreed with the government that it
will be dismantled. The cost should be included in the future cash flows for the purpose of calculating value-in-use and
provided for in the financial statements and the cost added to the property, plant and equipment ($4 million ($5m/1·064)).
The value-in-use based on a discount rate of 6 per cent is $21 million (working). Therefore, the recoverable amount is
$21 million which is higher than the carrying value of the cash generating unit ($20 million) and, therefore, the value of the
cash generating unit is not impaired when compared to the present carrying value of $20 million (value before impairment
test).
Additionally IAS39, ‘Financial Instruments: recognition and measurement’, says that an entity must assess at each balance
sheet date whether a financial asset is impaired. In this case the receivable of $7 million is likely to be impaired as Race is
going into administration. The present value of the estimated future cash flows will be calculated. Normally cash receipts from
trade receivables will not be discounted but because the amounts are not likely to be received for a year then the anticipated
cash payment is 80% of ($5 million × 1/1·06), i.e. $3·8 million. Thus a provision for the impairment of the trade receivables
of $3·2 million should be made. The intangible asset of $3 million would be valueless as the contract has been terminated.
Glass’s Net Assets
The leased property continues to be accounted for as property, plant and equipment and the carrying amount will not be
adjusted. However, the remaining useful life of the property will be revised to reflect the shorter term. Thus the property will
be depreciated at $2 million per annum over the next two years. The change to the depreciation period is applied prospectively
not retrospectively. The lease liability must be assessed under IAS39 in order to determine whether it constitutes a
de-recognition of a financial liability. As the change is a modification of the lease and not an extinguishment, the lease liability
would not be derecognised. The lease liability will be adjusted for the one off payment of $1 million and re-measured to the
present value of the revised future cash flows. That is $0·6 million/1·07 + $0·6 million/(1·07 × 1·07) i.e. $1·1 million. The
adjustment to the lease liability would normally be recognised in profit or loss but in this case it will affect the net capital
contributed by Glass.
The termination cost of the contract cannot be treated as an intangible asset. It is similar to redundancy costs paid to terminate
a contract of employment. It represents compensation for the loss of future income for the agency. Therefore it must be
removed from the balance sheet of York. The recognition criteria for an intangible asset require that there should be probable
future economic benefits flowing to York and the cost can be measured reliably. The latter criterion is met but the first criterion
is not. The cost of gaining future customers is not linked to this compensation.
IAS18 ‘Revenue’ contains a concept of a ‘multiple element’ arrangement. This is a contract which contains two or more
elements which are in substance separate and are separately identifiable. In other words, the two elements can operate
independently from each other. In this case, the contract with the overseas company has two distinct elements. There is a
contract not to supply gas to any other customer in the country and there is a contract to sell gas at fair value to the overseas
company. The contract has not been fulfilled as yet and therefore the payment of $1·5 million should not be taken to profit
or loss in its entirety at the first opportunity. The non supply of gas to customers in that country occurs over the four year
period of the contract and therefore the payment should be recognised over that period. Therefore the amount should be
shown as deferred income and not as a deduction from intangible assets. The revenue on the sale of gas will be recognised
as normal according to IAS18.
There may be an issue over the value of the net assets being contributed. The net assets contributed by Glass amount to
$21·9 million whereas those contributed by Gow only total $13·8 million after taking into account any adjustments required
by IFRS. The joint venturers have equal shareholding in York but no formal written agreements, thus problems may arise ifGlass feels that the contributions to the joint venture are unequal.

第3题：

22 Which of the following statements about limited liability companies’ accounting is/are correct?

1 A revaluation reserve arises when a non-current asset is sold at a profit.

2 The authorised share capital of a company is the maximum nominal value of shares and loan notes the company

may issue.

3 The notes to the financial statements must contain details of all adjusting events as defined in IAS10 Events after

the balance sheet date.

A All three statements

B 1 and 2 only

C 2 and 3 only

D None of the statements

正确答案：D

第4题：

(c) Briefly describe the principal audit work to be performed in respect of the carrying amount of the following

items in the balance sheet:

(i) development expenditure on the Fox model; (3 marks)

正确答案：
(c) Principal audit work
(i) Development expenditure on the Fox model
■ Agree opening balance, $6·3 million, to prior year working papers.
■ Physically inspect assembly plant/factory where the Fox is being developed and any vehicles so far manufactured
(e.g. for testing).
■ Substantiate costs incurred during the year, for example:
– goods (e.g. components) and services (e.g. consultants) to purchase invoices;
– labour (e.g. design engineers/technicians, mechanics, test drivers) to the payroll analysis;
– overheads (e.g. depreciation of development buildings and equipment, power, consumables) to
management’s calculation of overhead absorption and underlying cost accounts.
■ Review of internal trials/test drive results (e.g. in reports to management and video recordings of events).
■ Reperform. management’s impairment test of development expenditure. In particular recalculate value in use.
Tutorial note: It is highly unlikely that a reasonable estimate of fair value less costs to sell could be made for so
unique an asset.
■ Substantiate the key assumptions made by management in calculating value in use. For example:
– the level of sales expected when the car is launched to advance orders (this may have fallen with the delay
in the launch);
– the discount rate used to Pavia’s cost of capital;
– projected growth in sales to actual sales growth seen last time a new model was launched.

第5题：

(c) In the context of a standard unmodified audit report, describe the content of a liability disclaimer paragraph,

and discuss the main arguments for and against the use of a liability disclaimer paragraph. (5 marks)

正确答案：
(c) It has become increasingly common for audit firms to include a disclaimer paragraph within the audit report. However, it is
not a requirement of auditing standards and individual audit firms need to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the
use of a disclaimer paragraph.
The wording is used to state the fact that the auditor’s report is intended solely for the use of the company’s members as a
body, and that no responsibility is accepted or assumed to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as
a body.
The main perceived advantage is that the disclaimer should help to reduce the exposure of the audit firm to liability claims
from anyone other than the company or the company’s body of shareholders. The disclaimer makes it clear that the audit
firm reports only to those who appointed the firm, i.e. the members of the company, and this may make it more difficult for
the audit firm to be sued by a third party.
It is also argued that the use of a disclaimer could help to bridge the ‘expectation gap’ by providing a clearer indication of the
responsibility of the auditor.
In this way the audit firm can manage its risk exposure in an increasingly litigious environment. Recent high profile legal cases
against audit firms, such as the Bannerman case in Scotland, illustrate that an audit firm’s duty of care can extend beyond
the company and its shareholders, and that audit firms should consider how to protect themselves against liability claims.
Tutorial note: It is appropriate here to quote recent cases such as the Bannerman case to illustrate the reason why audit
firms face increased potential exposure to claims from third parties. However, knowledge of specific legal cases is not
required to gain full marks for this requirement.
However, it can be argued that a disclaimer does not necessarily work to protect an audit firm. Each legal case has individual
circumstances, and while a disclaimer might protect the audit firm in one situation, equally it may not offer any protection
where the facts of the case are different.
In addition, it is often argued that if an audit firm conducts an audit using full due care and diligence, there is no need for a
disclaimer, as a high quality audit would be very unlikely to lead to any claims against the audit firm. Consequently, it could
be argued that the use of disclaimers as a means to limit liability could permit low quality audits to be performed, the auditors
being confident that legal cases against them are restricted due to the presence of a disclaimer within the audit report.

第6题：

The other main source of revenue for a bank is fee income, or called ______ income.

A．interest

B．commission

C．service

D．net

正确答案：B
解析：句意：银行另一项主要收人来源于手续费。fee income-和commission income都指手续费，是银行不需要动用自己资金获得的收入，是与利息不同的一种收入来源。

第7题：

听力原文：M: Can you tell me something about a balance sheet?

W: Yes. It is divided into three sections: assets, liabilities, and owner's equity and it is used to summarize a company's financial position on a given date.

Q: Which of the following is not a section of a balance sheet?

(15)

A．Profit and Joss

B．Owner's equity.

C．Liabilities

D．Assets.

正确答案：A
解析：根据女士回答资产负债表分为三部分，即"assets", "liabilities" 和"owner's equity"，A项未提及。

第8题：

A balance sheet is simply the enumeration of the various assets of a business on one side of a ledger and the enumeration of various liabilities and (61) accounts on the other side. The two sides must be equal, or balance. Only one further point should be (62) : A balance sheet refers to a single point in time, for example, the close of business on December 31. Taken by itself, a balance sheet does not show (63) over time. It is what economists call a stock concept, not a (64) concept. That is, the balance sheet shows the stock of goods a firm has on hand at any particular instant and does not show the flow of goods through the firm over time. For this reason, a balance sheet does not show business (65) , which are a flow.

(46)

A．profit

B．capital

C．income

D．cash

正确答案：B
解析：资产负债表分为三部分：资产、负债、所有者权益。capital accounts等于owner's equity。

第9题：

What does the accountant do in recording assets and liabilities according to the stable-monetary-unit concept?

A．He simply adds all the amounts together.

B．He puts the assets and liabilities on the balance sheet objectively.

C．He makes restatement if the value of money depreciates.

D．He records the assets and liabilities on the balance sheet ignoring the change in purchasing power value of the currency.

正确答案：D
解析：文章最后一段提到The stable-monetary-unit concept is the accountant's…the changing value of the dollar。统一货币计量单位使得会计在编制资产负债表的时候不用去考虑通货膨胀和美元贬值的影响。所以D选项符合题意。

第10题：

In preparing bank reconciliation, the amount of outstanding checks is added to the balance per bank statement.()

正确答案：错

第11题：

The book value of a fixed asset reported on the balance sheet represents its market value on that date.()

正确答案：错

第12题：

名词解释题

Balance sheet

正确答案：资产负债表（the Balance Sheet）亦称财务状况表，表示企业在一定日期（通常为各会计期末）的财务状况（即资产、负债和业主权益的状况）的主要会计报表。

解析：暂无解析

第13题：

(ii) Describe the basis for the calculation of the provision for deferred taxation on first time adoption of IFRS

including the provision in the opening IFRS balance sheet. (4 marks)

正确答案：
(ii) A company has to apply IAS12 to the temporary differences between the carrying amount of the assets and liabilities in
its opening IFRS balance sheet (1 November 2003) and their tax bases (IFRS1 ‘First time adoption of IFRS’). The
deferred tax provision will be calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance
sheet date. The carrying values of the assets and liabilities at the opening balance sheet date will be determined by
reference to IFRS1 and will use the applicable IFRS in the first IFRS financial statements. Any adjustments required to
the deferred tax balance will be recognised directly in retained earnings.
Subsequent balance sheets (at 31 October 2004 and 31 October 2005) will be drawn up using the IFRS used in the
financial statements to 31 October 2005. The deferred tax provision will be adjusted as at 31 October 2004 and thenas at 31 October 2005 to reflect the temporary differences arising at those dates.

第14题：

20 Which of the following events occurring after the balance sheet date are classified as adjusting, if material?

1 The sale of inventories valued at cost at the balance sheet date for a figure in excess of cost.

2 A valuation of land and buildings providing evidence of an impairment in value at the year end.

3 The issue of shares and loan notes.

4 The insolvency of a customer with a balance outstanding at the year end.

A 1 and 3

B 2 and 4

C 2 and 3

D 1 and 4

正确答案：B

第15题：

5 Which of the following events after the balance sheet date would normally qualify as adjusting events according

to IAS 10 Events after the balance sheet date?

1 The bankruptcy of a credit customer with a balance outstanding at the balance sheet date.

2 A decline in the market value of investments.

3 The declaration of an ordinary dividend.

4 The determination of the cost of assets purchased before the balance sheet date.

A 1, 3, and 4

B 1 and 2 only

C 2 and 3 only

D 1 and 4 only

正确答案：D

第16题：

(b) Explain the matters that should be considered when planning the nature and scope of the examination of

Cusiter Co’s forecast balance sheet and income statement as prepared for the bank. (7 marks)

正确答案：
(b) Matters to be considered
Tutorial note: Candidates at this level must appreciate that the matters to be considered when planning the nature and
scope of the examination are not the same matters to be considered when deciding whether or not to accept an
engagement. The scenario clearly indicates that the assignment is being undertaken by the current auditor rendering any
‘pre-engagement’/‘professional etiquette’ considerations irrelevant to answering this question.
This PFI has been prepared to show an external user, the bank, the financial consequences of Cusiter’s plans to help the bank
in making an investment decision. If Cusiter is successful in its loan application the PFI provides a management tool against
which the results of investing in the plant and equipment can be measured.
The PFI is unpublished rather than published. That is, it is prepared at the specific request of a third party, the bank. It will
not be published to users of financial information in general.
The auditor’s report on the PFI will provide only negative assurance as to whether the assumptions provide a reasonable basis
for the PFI and an opinion whether the PFI is:
■ properly prepared on the basis of the assumptions; and
■ presented in accordance with the relevant financial reporting framework.
The nature of the engagement is an examination to obtain evidence concerning:
■ the reasonableness and consistency of assumptions made;
■ proper preparation (on the basis of stated assumptions); and
■ consistent presentation (with historical financial statements, using appropriate accounting principles).
Such an examination is likely to take the form. of inquiry, analytical procedures and corroboration.
The period of time covered by the prospective financial information is two years. The assumptions for 2008 are likely to be
more speculative than for 2007, particularly in relation to the impact on earnings, etc of the investment in new plant and
equipment.
The forecast for the year to 31 December 2007 includes an element of historical financial information (because only part of
this period is in the future) hence actual evidence should be available to verify the first three months of the forecast (possibly
more since another three-month period will expire at the end of the month).
Cusiter management’s previous experience in preparing PFI will be relevant. For example, in making accounting estimates
(e.g. for provisions, impairment losses, etc) or preparing cash flow forecasts (e.g. in support of the going concern assertion).
The basis of preparation of the forecast. For example, the extent to which it comprises:
■ proforma financial information (i.e. historical financial information adjusted for the effects of the planned loan and capital
expenditure transaction);
■ new information and assumptions about future performance (e.g. the operating capacity of the new equipment, sales
generated, etc).
The nature and scope of any standards/guidelines under which the PFI has been prepared is likely to assist the auditor in
discharging their responsibilities to report on it. Also, ISAE 3400 The Examination of Prospective Financial Information,
establishes standards and provides guidance on engagements to examine and report on PFI including examination
procedures.
The planned nature and scope of the examination is likely to take into account the time and fee budgets for the assignments
as adjusted for any ‘overlap’ with audit work. For example, the examination of the PFI is likely to draw on the auditor’s
knowledge of the business obtained in auditing the financial statements to 31 December 2006. Analytical procedures carried
out in respect of the PFI may provide evidence relevant to the 31 December 2007 audit.

第17题：

The balance sheet is divided into ______ sections: ______.

A．two.., assets and liabilities

B．two.., incomes and expenditures

C．three.., assets, liabilities and owner's equity

D．three.., incomes, expenditures, and equity

正确答案：C
解析：the balance sheet资产负债表。expenditures支出，花费。

第18题：

The income statement is prepared from ().

A.the income statement columns of the work sheet

B.the adjusted trial balance

C.either the adjusted trial balance or the income statement columns of the work sheet

D.both the adjusted trial balance and the income statement columns of the work sheet

正确答案：C

第19题：

Government securities would appear on a commercial bank's balance sheet as ______.

A．an asset

B．reserves

C．part of net worth

D．a liability

正确答案：A
解析：商业银行持有政府债券是其资产，因此在资产负债表上体现为资产。asset资产。reserves准备金。net worth (NW) 净值。liability负债。balance sheet，资产负债表。

第20题：

"Balance Sheet" means the statement on which a bank's assets and liabilities are listed.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Doesn't say

正确答案：A
解析：从文中第二句后半部分other on-and-off balance sheet exposures such as guarantees, acceptances and securities investments. 可以倒推出来。资产负债表外业务没有涉及资产和负债，那么资产负债表就应该包含资产和负债。on-and-off balance sheet资产负债表内外，balance sheet。

第21题：

What is the short-coming of the concept?

A．The accountant has to restate the assets and liabilities on the balance sheet.

B．It is difficult to compare the balance sheets of different companies.

C．The balance sheet can not reflect the precise worth of the assets and liabilities.

D．Another company will not decide whether to buy the piece of land.

正确答案：C
解析：文章最后一段提到Suppose another company paid…a much higher amount for the land．如果是基于这样一个观点的话，这样一个资产负债表所反映的内容就要比实物要高出很多，由此可知这一观点的缺点在于，资产负债表不能精确的反映资产和负债的实际情况。

第22题：

The balance of the allowance for doubtful accounts is added to accounts receivable on the balance sheet.()

正确答案：错

第23题：

Balance sheet

正确答案: 资产负债表（the Balance Sheet）亦称财务状况表，表示企业在一定日期（通常为各会计期末）的财务状况（即资产、负债和业主权益的状况）的主要会计报表。

The main liability on a bank balance sheet is ______.A．depositsB．capital and reservesC．loans and overdraftsD．cash

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